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Canine leishmaniasis (LEESH-ma-NIGH-ah-sis) is a zoonotic disease (see human leishmaniasis) caused by ''Leishmania'' parasites transmitted by the bite of an infected phlebotomine sandfly. Canine leishmaniasis was first identified in Europe in 1903, and in 1940, 40% of all dogs in Rome were determined to be positive for leishmaniasis.〔Dereure J., Pratlong F., Dedet, J.P (1999) ''Geographical distribution and the identification of parasites causing canine leishmaniasis in the Mediterranean Basin. Canine leishmaniasis: an update.'' Proceedings of the International Canine Leishmaniasis Forum. Barcelona, Spain〕 Traditionally thought of as a disease only found near the Mediterranean basin, 2008 research claims new findings are evidence that canine leishmaniasis is currently expanding in continental climate areas of northwestern Italy, far from the recognized disease-endemic areas along the Mediterranean coasts. Cases of leishmaniasis began appearing in North America in 2000, and, as of 2008, ''Leishmania''-positive foxhounds have been reported in 22 U.S. states and two Canadian provinces.〔Rosypal, Alexa. (2005) (Characterization of Canine Leishmaniasis in the United States: Pathogenesis, Immunological Responses, and Transmission of an American Isolate of ''Leishmania infantum'' ). ''Veterinary Clinics of North America Small Animal Practice Journal''. Blacksburg, VA.〕 ==Forms and symptoms== Cutaneous * Alopecia * Skin lesions * Ulcerative or exfoliative dermatitis Visceral * Epistaxis (nose bleeds) * Kidney failure > increased urination and drinking * Ocular signs * Progressive loss of weight with decreased appetite * Swollen lymphnodes 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Canine leishmaniasis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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